Present Perfect Passive Voice

Present Perfect Passive Voice ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ? ? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ‘???? ?’, ‘???? ???’, ‘???? ????’ ????? ?????????? ????? ?? Tense ?? Passive Voice ?????? ????? ?

???? ????????? ?????:

  • ??? ???????? ? ? — The thief has been caught.
  • ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ? — All tickets have been sold out.
  • ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ? — I have not been invited.

????????? (Structures)

  • Object + has/have + been + V? (+ by + Agent) — (?????? ?, ?????? ?, ??????? ?)
  • Object + has/have + not + been + V? — (?????? ???, ??????? ???)
  • Has/Have + Object + been + V? ? — (?? ?????? ? ?, ?? ??????? ? ?)
  • Wh-word + has/have + Object + been + V? ? — (??? ?????? ? ?, ???? ??????? ? ?)

? ??? (??? ??????????? ????):

  • Perfect Passive ?? ???? ‘been’ ????? ???????? ????? ?
  • Singular Object ??? Has been ? Plural Object (??? I, We, You, They) ??? Have been ?????? ????? ?
  • ?????? ???? V? (Past Participle) ????? ????? ?

?????? ? English ????????? (Categorized Examples)

?????? English
[Affirmative / ?????????]
???????? ???? ?????? ? ? The homework has been completed.
??????????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ? ? A new tax policy has been announced by the government.
?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ? ? Money has been sent to your account.
[Negative / ?????????]
????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ? No one has been arrested yet.
?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ? This room has not been cleaned today.
??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ? We have not been told anything about this.
[Questions / ??????????]
?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? (??????? ?) ? Has your mobile been stolen?
?? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ? Have all preparations been made already?
[Wh- Questions]
?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ? When has this temple been built?
???? ????? ???? ??????? ? ? Where has my key been kept?

?? ???????? (More Sentences)

  • ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ? — A new constitution has been promulgated in Nepal.
  • ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ? ? — The injured people have been rushed to the hospital.
  • ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ? — Who has this letter been written by?
  • ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ? — Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
  • ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ? — Old rules have been changed.
  • ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ? — The exam result has not been published yet.
  • ????? ???????? ????????? ? ? — He has been fired from his job.
  • ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ? — This building has been beautifully decorated.

Exercises (?????????)

1. Sentence completion exercises (Fill in the blanks with Present Perfect Passive):

  1. The lost keys _____________ (finally/find).
  2. The letters _____________ (not deliver) yet.
  3. _____________ the dinner _____________ (cook) by your sister?
  4. Many trees _____________ (cut down) in the forest recently.

2. Translate the following sentences into English:

  1. ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ? ?
  2. ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ?
  3. ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?
  4. ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?

3. Translate the following paragraph into English:

?????????? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ? ? ????????? ?????? ?????????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ? ? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?